According to SNiP 2.03.13-88 “Floors”, a waterproofing layer (waterproofing) is a layer that prevents sewage and other liquids from penetrating through the floor, as well as groundwater from penetrating into the floor.
The intensity of the impact of liquids on the floor should be considered:
- low - insignificant impact of liquids on the floor;
the floor surface is dry or slightly damp; the floor covering is not saturated with liquids; Cleaning of premises where water is spilled from hoses is not carried out; -- medium - periodic moistening of the floor, causing the coating to become saturated with liquids;
the floor surface is usually damp or wet; liquids periodically flow over the floor surface; -- large - constant or frequently repeated flow of liquids over the floor surface.
Waterproofing against the penetration of sewage and other liquids should be provided only for medium and high intensity exposure to the floor. In residential buildings, rooms with medium and high intensity of exposure to liquids on the floor include bathrooms, bathrooms (showers), and kitchens. Their floors require mandatory waterproofing. In places where the floor adjoins the surface of walls, partitions and other building structures, waterproofing is applied to vertical surfaces to a height of at least 200 mm, and if a stream of water can hit the walls, to the soaking height.
Sealing tape is used for elastic, waterproof connection of expansion joints, floor-to-wall and wall-to-wall joints . To seal pipe entries and drain holes in floors, special elastic cuffs , and sealing tape can also be used for these purposes.
Types of waterproofing
The choice of the necessary set of materials for a specific room (object) is determined by the existence of several types of waterproofing:
- Rolled bitumen-polymer;
- Membrane;
- Penetrating;
- Coating;
- Injection.
Coating waterproofing
The thickness of the working layer is from 1-4 mm. Water resistance W2-W10. The advantages of coating-type waterproofing include:
- It can be applied to many types of building bases (precast and monolithic concrete, dense and smooth cement screeds, cement plasters and putties, cement-lime mortars, gypsum walls, plasterboard, ceramic tile flooring, marble chip flooring) regardless of complexity surface configurations;
- No special preparation of the surface to be coated is required;
- The semi-liquid consistency, regardless of what base it is on (bitumen, cement, polymer), fills cracks, forming a monolithic layer;
- Application is carried out (with a brush, roller, spatula) in two or three stages, without the need for intermediate work;
- Attractive price.
get acquainted with the technical characteristics of coating-type waterproofing by following the link.
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Waterproof grade W4, W6
Waterproof grades W4, W6 was discussed in detail on the forum . There is a lot of useful information there, read it there, there is no point in duplicating it here.
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Waterproofing and intensity of liquid exposure
If the impact of sewage and other liquids on the floor is high, the underlying layer, ceiling or screed must be provided with waterproofing made from glued or fused bitumen, polymer or bitumen-polymer roll materials. With low and medium intensity of exposure to liquids on the floor, waterproofing can also be made from coating bitumen or bitumen-polymer mastics, or cement-based waterproofing masses. For low- intensity exposure to water (in bathrooms, showers, kitchens), coating polymer waterproofing can be used under the cladding of ceramic or stone tiles.
Waterproofing from sewage and other liquids must be continuous in the floor structure and in areas adjacent to walls and other structures protruding above the floor to a height of at least 200 mm from the floor level. When exposed to aggressive liquids, the waterproofing material must be resistant to the specific aggressive environment.
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