Ceramic tiles: terms and definitions

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Question 1

Ceramic tiles and rectangular slabs come in a range of sizes. The names of these sizes and definitions are given below. Which pairs - term and definition - correspond to reality?

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The dimensions of tiles and slabs of other shapes are determined by the largest size of the rectangle in which they are inscribed

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Modular size - Dimensions of ceramic tiles and slabs determined on the basis of module M, as well as their multiple and divisible, with the exception of tiles and slabs with a front surface area of ​​less than 9000 mm2.

NOTE See ISO 1006, where 1M = 100 mm.

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Nominal size - Size used to designate a product.

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Technological size (W) - A size established for the manufacturing process of ceramic tiles and slabs, which must correspond to the actual size within acceptable deviations.

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Actual size - The size obtained by measuring the surface of ceramic tiles and slabs in accordance with EN ISO 10545-2.

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Non-modular dimensions - Dimensions that do not take into account the modular (M) structure.

NOTE See ISO 1006, where 1M = 100 mm.

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Coordination size (C) - Technological size, including the width of the seam.

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Material on this issue is set out in standard EN 14411 .

Question 2

Glazed ceramic tiles can be used to cover walls and floors. Which of the following statements regarding glaze are true?

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Glaze, consisting of frits only, is used only to achieve a shiny surface on some types of wall tiles.

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Glaze is a shiny or enamel glassy layer in the form of a thin film (1 - 3 mm).

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Transparent glazes are also called enamels.

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Transparent glazes are colorless and colored.

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The chemical composition of the glaze and the ceramic shard is different. Their thermal expansion also varies in size.

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Tsek is a type of glaze defect. This occurs due to the difference in the expansion coefficients of the shard and the glaze itself. The center has the appearance of web-like cracks.

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The fragility of the adhesion of the glaze to the shard is expressed in the formation of a network of cracks in the glaze layer (cek) or the detachment of the glaze from the shard after firing and cooling.

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Frit is a special type of glass that, during the firing of the tile, melts and adheres tightly to the shard.

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Material on this issue is in the article Glaze general concepts and classification .

Question 3

Gres porcellanato. Tiles with a light or colored base, plain (monocolor) or fine-grained with a compacted, vitrified shard, produced by pressing. The technical and commercial name for this type of tile in some countries is as follows:

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Your AnswerOptionRight?Result

Germany – Porzellan Steinzeugfliesen

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Spain - Gres Porcelanico

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Portugal - Granito Porcelanato Ceramica

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France - Gres ceramic

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Poland - Super Gres

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England – Fully Vitrified Porcelain Tiles or Vitrified Stoneware

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Ukraine - Piastrella

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Italy – Gres Porcellanato

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Russia – ceramic granite or porcelain stoneware

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Material on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .

Question 4

Ceramic products can be divided into three groups:

  1. building ceramics;
  2. facing ceramics;
  3. art ceramics.

Which of the following products can be classified as veneer ceramics? 

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Pipes

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Dishes

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Roof tiles

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Expanded clay

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Tile

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Brick

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Compositions, for example, a vase with flowers, a girl on a swing, etc.

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Facing brick

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Ceramic tile

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Information on this issue is presented in the article Ceramic products, facing ceramics .

Question 5

Unglazed tiles consist of one layer - a ceramic shard. The color is obtained from the raw material or is colored by metal oxides throughout the tile body (tile). The surface can remain untreated (natural) or be processed, taking on various surfaces: polished, honed, rusticated, structured, etc. Unglazed tiles include:

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Your AnswerOptionRight?Result

Majolica

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Cottoforte

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Gres Porcellanato (ceramic granite)

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Gres red

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Extruded gres

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Cotto (terracotta)

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Clinker

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Information on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .

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