The result obtained indicates a large number of incorrectly answered questions. Read recommended articles on these issues.
Gres porcellanato. Tiles with a light or colored base, plain (monocolor) or fine-grained with a compacted, vitrified shard, produced by pressing. The technical and commercial name for this type of tile in some countries is as follows:
England – Fully Vitrified Porcelain Tiles or Vitrified Stoneware
Spain - Gres Porcelanico
Poland - Super Gres
Italy – Gres Porcellanato
Germany – Porzellan Steinzeugfliesen
Ukraine - Piastrella
France - Gres ceramic
Portugal - Granito Porcelanato Ceramica
Russia – ceramic granite or porcelain stoneware
Material on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .
Ceramic tiles and slabs are used mainly for flooring and wall cladding. As a rule, they are molded at room temperature using the extrusion method (method A) or the semi-dry pressing method (method B). Indicate what types of ceramic tiles are molded using the semi-dry pressing method (method B).
Cottoforte
Cotto (terracotta)
Majolica
Porcelain tiles
Gres red
Clinker
Information on this issue can be found on the forum Classification of tiles and area of use .
Standards, articles and books use specialized ceramic tile terms. Below are such terms and their definitions. Which pairs - term and definition - correspond to reality?
Glaze - A thin glassy sintered layer covering the surface of a ceramic tile or slab that is waterproof
Angobed Surface - A thin layer of clay slurry applied to the surface of a ceramic tile or slab that has a matte appearance and may be permeable or waterproof.
Semi-dry pressed ceramic tiles and slabs - Ceramic tiles and slabs produced by pressing a powdered mass into molds under high pressure.
Water absorption (E) - Water absorption is determined as a percentage by mass in accordance with EN ISO 10545-3.
Ceramic tiles and slabs with an engobed surface are considered glazed.
Extruded ceramic tiles and slabs - Ceramic tiles and slabs cut to a specified length from a strip formed by an extruder from a plastic mass.
Material on this issue is presented in standard EN 14411 .
Unglazed tiles consist of one layer - a ceramic shard. The color is obtained from the raw material or is colored by metal oxides throughout the tile body (tile). The surface can remain untreated (natural) or be processed, taking on various surfaces: polished, honed, rusticated, structured, etc. Unglazed tiles include:
Extruded gres
Gres Porcellanato (ceramic granite)
Information on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .
Ceramic tiles and rectangular slabs come in a range of sizes. The names of these sizes and definitions are given below. Which pairs - term and definition - correspond to reality?
Non-modular dimensions - Dimensions that do not take into account the modular (M) structure.
NOTE See ISO 1006, where 1M = 100 mm.
Nominal size - Size used to designate a product.
Coordination size (C) - Technological size, including the width of the seam.
Modular size - Dimensions of ceramic tiles and slabs determined on the basis of module M, as well as their multiple and divisible, with the exception of tiles and slabs with a front surface area of less than 9000 mm2.
Actual size - The size obtained by measuring the surface of ceramic tiles and slabs in accordance with EN ISO 10545-2.
The dimensions of tiles and slabs of other shapes are determined by the largest size of the rectangle in which they are inscribed
Technological size (W) - A size established for the manufacturing process of ceramic tiles and slabs, which must correspond to the actual size within acceptable deviations.
Material on this issue is set out in standard EN 14411 .
