Ceramic tiles: terms and definitions

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Question 1

Gres porcellanato. Tiles with a light or colored base, plain (monocolor) or fine-grained with a compacted, vitrified shard, produced by pressing. The technical and commercial name for this type of tile in some countries is as follows:

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France - Gres ceramic

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Ukraine - Piastrella

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England – Fully Vitrified Porcelain Tiles or Vitrified Stoneware

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Italy – Gres Porcellanato

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Russia – ceramic granite or porcelain stoneware

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Portugal - Granito Porcelanato Ceramica

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Spain - Gres Porcelanico

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Germany – Porzellan Steinzeugfliesen

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Poland - Super Gres

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Material on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .

Question 2

Ceramic products can be divided into three groups:

  1. building ceramics;
  2. facing ceramics;
  3. art ceramics.

Which of the following products can be classified as veneer ceramics? 

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Brick

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Tile

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Pipes

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Dishes

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Compositions, for example, a vase with flowers, a girl on a swing, etc.

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Expanded clay

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Ceramic tile

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Roof tiles

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Facing brick

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Information on this issue is presented in the article Ceramic products, facing ceramics .

Question 3

Ceramic tiles and slabs are used mainly for flooring and wall cladding. As a rule, they are molded at room temperature using the extrusion method (method A) or the semi-dry pressing method (method B). Indicate what types of ceramic tiles are molded using the semi-dry pressing method (method B).

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Majolica

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Porcelain tiles

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Cottoforte

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Cotto (terracotta)

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Clinker

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Gres red

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Information on this issue can be found on the forum Classification of tiles and area of ​​use .

Question 4

Glazed ceramic tiles can be used to cover walls and floors. Which of the following statements regarding glaze are true?

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Transparent glazes are colorless and colored.

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The chemical composition of the glaze and the ceramic shard is different. Their thermal expansion also varies in size.

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Transparent glazes are also called enamels.

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Glaze, consisting of frits only, is used only to achieve a shiny surface on some types of wall tiles.

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Frit is a special type of glass that, during the firing of the tile, melts and adheres tightly to the shard.

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Tsek is a type of glaze defect. This occurs due to the difference in the expansion coefficients of the shard and the glaze itself. The center has the appearance of web-like cracks.

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Glaze is a shiny or enamel glassy layer in the form of a thin film (1 - 3 mm).

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The fragility of the adhesion of the glaze to the shard is expressed in the formation of a network of cracks in the glaze layer (cek) or the detachment of the glaze from the shard after firing and cooling.

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Material on this issue is in the article Glaze general concepts and classification .

Question 5

Unglazed tiles consist of one layer - a ceramic shard. The color is obtained from the raw material or is colored by metal oxides throughout the tile body (tile). The surface can remain untreated (natural) or be processed, taking on various surfaces: polished, honed, rusticated, structured, etc. Unglazed tiles include:

Score: 8 out of 10
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Gres Porcellanato (ceramic granite)

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Gres red

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Majolica

0

Cottoforte

0

Extruded gres

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Clinker

Correct
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Cotto (terracotta)

Correct
1

Information on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .

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