The result obtained indicates a large number of incorrectly answered questions. Read recommended articles on these issues.
Ceramic tiles and slabs are used mainly for flooring and wall cladding. As a rule, they are molded at room temperature using the extrusion method (method A) or the semi-dry pressing method (method B). Indicate what types of ceramic tiles are molded using the semi-dry pressing method (method B).
Majolica
Porcelain tiles
Clinker
Cotto (terracotta)
Cottoforte
Gres red
Information on this issue can be found on the forum Classification of tiles and area of use .
Ceramic tiles and rectangular slabs come in a range of sizes. The names of these sizes and definitions are given below. Which pairs - term and definition - correspond to reality?
Technological size (W) - A size established for the manufacturing process of ceramic tiles and slabs, which must correspond to the actual size within acceptable deviations.
Nominal size - Size used to designate a product.
The dimensions of tiles and slabs of other shapes are determined by the largest size of the rectangle in which they are inscribed
Modular size - Dimensions of ceramic tiles and slabs determined on the basis of module M, as well as their multiple and divisible, with the exception of tiles and slabs with a front surface area of less than 9000 mm2.
NOTE See ISO 1006, where 1M = 100 mm.
Actual size - The size obtained by measuring the surface of ceramic tiles and slabs in accordance with EN ISO 10545-2.
Coordination size (C) - Technological size, including the width of the seam.
Non-modular dimensions - Dimensions that do not take into account the modular (M) structure.
Material on this issue is set out in standard EN 14411 .
Gres porcellanato. Tiles with a light or colored base, plain (monocolor) or fine-grained with a compacted, vitrified shard, produced by pressing. The technical and commercial name for this type of tile in some countries is as follows:
Poland - Super Gres
Portugal - Granito Porcelanato Ceramica
Russia – ceramic granite or porcelain stoneware
England – Fully Vitrified Porcelain Tiles or Vitrified Stoneware
France - Gres ceramic
Italy – Gres Porcellanato
Ukraine - Piastrella
Germany – Porzellan Steinzeugfliesen
Spain - Gres Porcelanico
Material on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .
Glazed ceramic tiles can be used to cover walls and floors. Which of the following statements regarding glaze are true?
Glaze is a shiny or enamel glassy layer in the form of a thin film (1 - 3 mm).
Frit is a special type of glass that, during the firing of the tile, melts and adheres tightly to the shard.
Transparent glazes are colorless and colored.
Transparent glazes are also called enamels.
Tsek is a type of glaze defect. This occurs due to the difference in the expansion coefficients of the shard and the glaze itself. The center has the appearance of web-like cracks.
Glaze, consisting of frits only, is used only to achieve a shiny surface on some types of wall tiles.
The chemical composition of the glaze and the ceramic shard is different. Their thermal expansion also varies in size.
The fragility of the adhesion of the glaze to the shard is expressed in the formation of a network of cracks in the glaze layer (cek) or the detachment of the glaze from the shard after firing and cooling.
Material on this issue is in the article Glaze general concepts and classification .
Ceramic products can be divided into three groups:
Which of the following products can be classified as veneer ceramics?
Dishes
Brick
Tile
Ceramic tile
Compositions, for example, a vase with flowers, a girl on a swing, etc.
Pipes
Roof tiles
Facing brick
Expanded clay
Information on this issue is presented in the article Ceramic products, facing ceramics .
