The result obtained indicates a large number of incorrectly answered questions. Read recommended articles on these issues.
The existence of ceramic slabs with different types of surfaces is the result of successful experiments by manufacturers. The most popular of them can be considered surface polishing (with its variations). Select the correct definitions or statements.
A polished surface is obtained by special matte polishing.
A matte surface is more slippery than, for example, polished or glazed.
Polished porcelain tiles are less slippery than polished ones, but due to the smooth surface of such tiles, they are easy to clean.
Tiles with a matte surface are not only the most affordable, since they do not require additional processing, but also the most durable.
When polishing, the topmost “sintered” layer is cut off. As a result, polished porcelain stoneware is slightly inferior to matte in terms of performance characteristics, in particular, wear resistance.
The tile that comes out of the kiln and is not subjected to additional mechanical treatment after firing has a matte surface.
To obtain polished tiles, their surface is polished with special diamond nozzles using a large number of chemicals.
When exposed to water, polished tiles become very slippery.
Polished Surface - The surface of glazed or unglazed ceramic tiles and slabs that is polished at the final stage of manufacture to impart shine.
Material on this issue is presented in the article Porcelain tiles - many faces and diversity .
Ceramic products can be divided into three groups:
Which of the following products can be classified as veneer ceramics?
Dishes
Facing brick
Tile
Brick
Expanded clay
Pipes
Ceramic tile
Roof tiles
Compositions, for example, a vase with flowers, a girl on a swing, etc.
Information on this issue is presented in the article Ceramic products, facing ceramics .
Ceramic tiles and slabs are used mainly for flooring and wall cladding. As a rule, they are molded at room temperature using the extrusion method (method A) or the semi-dry pressing method (method B). Indicate what types of ceramic tiles are molded using the semi-dry pressing method (method B).
Porcelain tiles
Cotto (terracotta)
Majolica
Clinker
Gres red
Cottoforte
Information on this issue can be found on the forum Classification of tiles and area of use .
Standards, articles and books use specialized ceramic tile terms. Below are such terms and their definitions. Which pairs - term and definition - correspond to reality?
Semi-dry pressed ceramic tiles and slabs - Ceramic tiles and slabs produced by pressing a powdered mass into molds under high pressure.
Glaze - A thin glassy sintered layer covering the surface of a ceramic tile or slab that is waterproof
Extruded ceramic tiles and slabs - Ceramic tiles and slabs cut to a specified length from a strip formed by an extruder from a plastic mass.
Angobed Surface - A thin layer of clay slurry applied to the surface of a ceramic tile or slab that has a matte appearance and may be permeable or waterproof.
Ceramic tiles and slabs with an engobed surface are considered glazed.
Water absorption (E) - Water absorption is determined as a percentage by mass in accordance with EN ISO 10545-3.
Material on this issue is presented in standard EN 14411 .
Gres porcellanato. Tiles with a light or colored base, plain (monocolor) or fine-grained with a compacted, vitrified shard, produced by pressing. The technical and commercial name for this type of tile in some countries is as follows:
Ukraine - Piastrella
Russia – ceramic granite or porcelain stoneware
Spain - Gres Porcelanico
England – Fully Vitrified Porcelain Tiles or Vitrified Stoneware
France - Gres ceramic
Germany – Porzellan Steinzeugfliesen
Poland - Super Gres
Portugal - Granito Porcelanato Ceramica
Italy – Gres Porcellanato
Material on this issue is presented in the article Unglazed tiles .
