Let's calculate at what temperature change the thermal expansion for ceramic tiles will reach the permissible moisture expansion limit. To do this, we will use the following data.
... the permissible limit of moisture expansion of ceramic tiles should not exceed 0.6 mm/m ...
The coefficient of thermal expansion for floor and wall ceramic tiles varies from 4.1•10 -6 °C -1 to 8.1•10 -6 °C -1 . This means that elongation ranges from 4 to 8 thousandths of a millimeter per meter of ceramic tile and per degree rise in temperature.
Thus, if the temperature rise is 80 °C, then the thermal elongation will be 0.32-0.64 mm/m. The last value is very close to the previously indicated 0.6 mm/m.
The International Organization for Standardization has developed two standards for ceramic tiles:
1) ISO 10545. Describes test methods for determining the quality characteristics of tiles depending on the conditions of their use; this standard consists of 17 parts (ISO 10545-1 to ISO 10545-17), each of which presents one test method. 2) ISO 13006. Contains definitions, classification criteria and requirements that ceramic tiles must satisfy.
The raw materials for magnesium binders are magnesite and dolomite. Magnesite is fired at a temperature of 750 ... 800°C (in rotary kilns up to 1000°C) until MgCO 3 into MgO and CO 2 with the removal of carbon dioxide. After grinding, MgO is an air binder called caustic magnesite, it has a compressive strength of 40 ... 60 MPa, sometimes reaching up to 100 MPa.
Dolomite is fired at lower temperatures in the range of 650 ... 750°C, since when the firing temperature increases, CaCO 3 with the formation of lime. A special feature of the use of magnesium binders is their mixing with aqueous solutions of magnesium salts, and the beginning of setting occurs no later than 20 minutes, and the end - no later than 6 hours. Magnesia binders have good adhesion to organic fillers and are used for the production of either with sawdust - xylolite , or with wood wool (narrow and long wood shavings) - fiberboard . Xylolite is used for the production of seamless floors and facing tiles, fibrolite - for the production of thermal insulation products and room partitions in village construction.
Colleagues, there is a serious discussion going on here. The table with the classification is almost an abstract on a given topic, even the use has been improved, which, of course, is important for the consumer.
At one time I became acquainted with the European standard (EN 14411), in which the classification of ceramic tiles was carried out on the basis of water absorption and the method of molding (in total there were 8 groups, and in the place with subgroups 12, it seems like that). Thus, two basic principles were used, which Denis Enko - physical and chemical features, technological features of production.
Maybe you can dig in this direction? Next we will discuss the result.
Thermal expansion of ceramic tiles
Let's calculate at what temperature change the thermal expansion for ceramic tiles will reach the permissible moisture expansion limit. To do this, we will use the following data.
Thus, if the temperature rise is 80 °C, then the thermal elongation will be 0.32-0.64 mm/m. The last value is very close to the previously indicated 0.6 mm/m.
In accordance with the European Construction Materials Directive 89/106, CE marking for ceramic tiles is mandatory throughout the European Union.
The International Organization for Standardization has developed two standards for ceramic tiles:
1) ISO 10545. Describes test methods for determining the quality characteristics of tiles depending on the conditions of their use;
this standard consists of 17 parts (ISO 10545-1 to ISO 10545-17), each of which presents one test method. 2) ISO 13006. Contains definitions, classification criteria and requirements that ceramic tiles must satisfy.
The raw materials for magnesium binders are magnesite and dolomite. Magnesite is fired at a temperature of 750 ... 800°C (in rotary kilns up to 1000°C) until MgCO 3 into MgO and CO 2 with the removal of carbon dioxide. After grinding, MgO is an air binder called caustic magnesite, it has a compressive strength of 40 ... 60 MPa, sometimes reaching up to 100 MPa.
Dolomite is fired at lower temperatures in the range of 650 ... 750°C, since when the firing temperature increases, CaCO 3 with the formation of lime. A special feature of the use of magnesium binders is their mixing with aqueous solutions of magnesium salts, and the beginning of setting occurs no later than 20 minutes, and the end - no later than 6 hours. Magnesia binders have good adhesion to organic fillers and are used for the production of either with sawdust - xylolite , or with wood wool (narrow and long wood shavings) - fiberboard . Xylolite is used for the production of seamless floors and facing tiles, fibrolite - for the production of thermal insulation products and room partitions in village construction.
Colleagues, there is a serious discussion going on here. The table with the classification is almost an abstract on a given topic, even the use has been improved, which, of course, is important for the consumer.
At one time I became acquainted with the European standard (EN 14411), in which the classification of ceramic tiles was carried out on the basis of water absorption and the method of molding (in total there were 8 groups, and in the place with subgroups 12, it seems like that). Thus, two basic principles were used, which Denis Enko - physical and chemical features, technological features of production.
Maybe you can dig in this direction? Next we will discuss the result.