An article is textual and illustrative material in which the author sets the task of analyzing social situations, processes, phenomena, primarily from the point of view of the patterns underlying them.
Ceramic tile is a blocky, repeating element of a wall or floor surface. The quality and value of the cladding directly depend on the symmetry and uniformity of its individual components, i.e. individual tiles in relation to the quality of the surface and its dimensions.
The reasons for the appearance may be the following factors:
- excess moisture in the base;
- uneven distribution of the adhesive composition;
- presence of dust, dirt, grease stains...
The word "brick" is borrowed from Turkic languages. Before brick, Rus' used a “plinth” - a thin and wide clay plate measuring about 40 x 40 cm, with a thickness of 2.5 to 4 cm. Such a plinth, for example, was used in the construction of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv. The shape and size of the plinth are explained by the ease of molding, drying and firing “thin” bricks. It was made in special wooden forms, dried for 10-14 days, and then fired in a kiln.
Some ceramic glazes contain lead and other hazardous elements. The authors suggest replacing them with less harmful analogues. The article describes various types of lead-free glazes, their compositions, properties and manufacturing methods. Particular attention is paid to decorative effects.
The degree of surface sliding is determined by the kinetic and dynamic conditions of motion of the body interacting with the surface.
The other day I was able to attend a seminar conducted by the commercial director of the Maska plant in Novosibirsk for wholesale buyers of dry building mixtures. Having recorded his speech by milestones, I approached him with a proposal to post the most interesting information on the site.
Ceramic floor and wall tiles, like most ceramic products, are characterized by a high degree of electrical resistance with a correspondingly low degree of electrical conductivity.
From the time of the construction of the first stone-brick building in Kyiv at the end of the 10th century until the middle of the 13th century, the bricks used in Rus' took the form of thin and relatively wide tiles. In ancient Russian written sources, bricks were called plintha by the Greek word.
Abrasion resistance is a mechanical characteristic of a lined surface. Indicates the surface’s resistance to wear due to exposure to rubbing objects, surfaces, and materials.
In 2016, the total production volume of ceramic tiles in Russia amounted to 160 million square meters.
