An interesting video on this topic will be the following video : Tiling work in the bathroom from the manufacturer Sopro. Here you can see and hear professional advice on bathroom tiling. Go for it.
Watch the Training video on bathroom tiling from the manufacturer of dry building mixtures under the Ceresit brand. This film shows you the main stages of tiling a bathroom. Of course, all surfaces on walls and floors must be prepared: cleaned, dried and primed. Work should always begin with the application of waterproofing. Then you can start laying the tiles. In addition to wall and floor cladding, it is also shown how to properly install mosaics.
BOT-3000E device is designed to determine the static and dynamic coefficient of friction of a wet (wet) or dry surface. The measurement is carried out using a series of test plates made of Neolithic, SBR, Four S, TRL, leather. Used by the Ceramics Center in Bologna.
Technical characteristics of the device
scale (SCOF, DCOF): 0.00-1.00 μ;
speed (DCOF): 20 cm/sec. ± 5%;
Plates available: Neolithic, SBR, Four S, TRL, leather.
1) Number of participants: 852 from 43 countries. 2) Ceramic tiles 491 companies (of which 254 are Italian manufacturers). 3) The exhibition was visited by 106,559 people, including 50,976 foreigners. 4) Occupied area 156,000 square meters. 5) The exhibition lasted 5 days.
Waterproof grades W4, W6 was discussed in detail on the forum . There is a lot of useful information there, read it there, there is no point in duplicating it here.
Before preparing the solution, it is recommended to first dilute IDROKOL X20M in water, observing the proportions specified in the recipe, and use the resulting liquid to prepare the solution. Adhesive milk can be applied with a brush, roller or brush.
On September 13, 2016, the opening of a new production complex of the Cedrus company took place in the city of Nevinnomyssk, Stavropol Territory. The capacity of the equipment with which the new production complex is equipped allows the production of 200,000 tons of finished products per year, while the potential of the plant allows expanding production to 600,000 tons of finished products of the following brands: “Osnovit”, “Stroybrig” and “Indastro” in a volume of more than 100 nomenclature items. Deliveries from the new plant will be carried out to 17 regions of Russia, including Crimea. In addition to the production of dry construction mixtures (DCM), the plant will dry and fractionate sand.
It should be noted that during the drying and firing process, bricks significantly decrease in size. Therefore, in order to obtain a fired brick of the required size, it was necessary to make the molding frame somewhat larger in size. Obviously, the craftsmen took into account some empirically found clay shrinkage coefficient. At the same time, they had to be especially careful that the resulting brick was not larger in size than intended, since any increase in the format entails a complication of the firing process, and therefore a deterioration in quality. In addition, the increase in brick format complicates the work of masons. Naturally, therefore, when making molding frames, craftsmen, as a rule, introduced a minimum shrinkage coefficient, which was usually somewhat less than the actual shrinkage coefficient obtained. As a result, the brick format tended to gradually decrease.
Architectural ceramics is a very common type of decorative material that has long been used in construction: facing slabs, majolica, tiles, glazed tiles and bricks, multi-colored terracotta mosaics. All these products in the article refer to veneer ceramics.
In Ancient Rus', from the 11th century, facing tiles covered with colored glaze, from which ornaments on facades were made, became widespread. The use of various types of finishing ceramics in Art Nouveau architecture has especially flourished in Moscow. At this time, colored glazed bricks, bright ceramic tiles, and majolica panels were widely used. Facing ceramics have long been used in European countries - Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, France. Suffice it to recall the famous ultramarine-white ceramic tiles, which have become widespread in Portugal and the south of Spain, in cities such as Valencia, Seville, and Granada. The greatest creations of Gaudi in Barcelona, black and white tiles and natural stone cladding in Funchal in Madeira and the richest painted facade ceramics in Greece. However, Italy can rightfully be considered the birthplace of modern ceramic tiles and porcelain granite.
In its homeland in Italy, ceramic granite is called gres porcellanato: porcellanato - porcelain, porcelain-like; gres - ceramics. The term gres is borrowed by Italian from French, where it has been used since the 19th century to designate low-porosity (so-called vitrified) types of ceramics, particularly stoneware. If the Italian name conveys the essence of the process of producing such tiles, then the domestic term reflects the very essence of the material: ceramics, as strong as granite (and in practice even stronger). Indeed, in Russian, granite is one of the symbols of strength and durability.
After loading the dried slabs onto trolleys, they are fired in a tunnel kiln more than 100 meters long. Trolleys with tiles, one after another, move along the kiln sequentially through the heating, firing and heating zones. The firing temperature program is maintained in accordance with the recipe composition of the slabs and the specified quality of the final product:
for porous tiles – 1000-1200 degrees Celsius;
for red-burning clays of one-time firing - 1050-1100 degrees Celsius;
for white-burning clays of one-time firing - 1150-1200 degrees Celsius;
for porcelain clay – 1200-1250 degrees Celsius.
Firing is one of the stages of the technological process. However, the concepts of “single firing”, “double firing”, “three times firing” are not only a technological term, but also an indication of a certain type of tile.
Several firing technologies can be distinguished:
Single firing . There are several types of single-firing tiles: low-porosity tiles;highly porous tiles;porcelain ceramic tiles;pressure glazed tiles .
Double firing.
Triple firing.
Quick firing (double, single) – less than 2 hours.
The answer to this question will require a significant amount of textual information. Therefore, I will split the answer into several messages. In the first message I will list the main stages, and in subsequent messages I will consider each of them. The main stages of the technological process for the production of ceramic tiles consist of the following operations: 1. EXTRACTION OF RAW MATERIALS 2. PREPARATION OF CERAMIC MASS 3. MOLDING 4. DRYING 5. (GLAZING) 6. FIRMING For those who have not yet seen a video on the production of ceramic tiles, I recommend watching it
In the spring I was at the CF Systems Ceramics of the Future plant as part of a group. We were given a tour of the production area and a lecture on the advantages of using large-format 120x120 cm porcelain granite in cladding. They also recommended laying this 120x120 cm porcelain tile using Installer MX300 or MX400 adhesive (manufacturer PIQ) together with DLS. However, MX300 is a superfluid adhesive and needs to be applied only to the base. MX400 is thixotropic and needs to be worked with as shown in the videos: Laying large format tiles with the DLS system.Fast, convenient, easy ; Technology for laying large format tiles.Imola Ceramica .
Such events with excursions and lectures are held at the plant on a regular basis. If you have the opportunity to take part in such an event, be sure to take it.
At the Estima plant in Noginsk, experienced Italian specialists work together with Russian ones. Well-known ceramics technologist Maurizio Chiodi, who worked at the Mirage plant for more than 30 years before coming to Russia, is the developer of ceramic granite technology that imitates the texture of natural stone throughout the entire thickness of the tile. Chiodi currently serves as the Chief Technology Consultant of NCSI. Under his leadership, new collections of porcelain tiles are being developed, the company’s personnel are trained and improve their qualifications, and production and laboratory equipment is being modernized.
Published Thu, 2016/08/25 - 14:26 by user Dmitry Kedrov
In 18th century Portugal, the taste for intricate and large-scale decorative panels reached its apogee. After liberation from Spain, the nobility of Portugal was actively engaged in the construction of palaces, richly decorated with ceramic tiles. The involvement of artists in the creation of decorative ceramic compositions led in the mid-18th century to the formation of a unique artistic period. A number of famous artists are retraining for ceramic painting, signing their works as works of art. During this period, numerous monumental ceramic panels were executed for palaces, monasteries and churches in Portugal and Brazil. Baroque subjects, gallant scenes, and various illusory effects make up the subject compositions of ceramic panels of rich residences.
The collaboration between Armani Group and Roca is a unique project in its own way. The two companies, world leaders in their respective areas of expertise, have come together with a common desire to take advantage of their combined experience and talent to create a concept for a cozy and elegant bathroom. The Roca-Armani showroom was presented in Russia at Mosbuild 2013. The project is a complete solution for bathroom interior design, which includes not only furniture and sanitary ware, but also lighting and ceramic wall and floor coverings.
Buying tiles from Armani is not a cheap pleasure, although for true connoisseurs of the great couturier’s work, this is not a problem! A list of official Roca-Armani dealers in Russia can be found at the link .
1) Number of participants 872 (533 Italian companies, 319 foreign from 39 countries). 2) The exhibition was visited by 101,809 people, including 48,231 foreigners. 3) Occupied area 166,000 square meters. 4) The exhibition lasted 5 days.
Expansion joints are gaps in the tile covering and mortar. They are filled with a resistant, elastic material that absorbs the stresses arising in the structures, ensuring the durability of the tile covering. the number of expansion joints in the coating should increase with: - increased temperature and humidity conditions; -- in cases where the supporting structure is easily subject to deformation; -- more rigid tile covering (narrow-seam).
Recommended size of the area limited by expansion joints (EN standards): in buildings (narrow-seam pavement from 4x4 m to 6x6 m; wide-seam pavement from 6x6 m to 10x10 m); on the street (narrow-seam coating from 2x2 m to 3x3 m; wide-seam coating from 3x3 m to 5x5 m).
The dimensions of dividing joints are determined by architects and designers, and the dimensions of expansion joints and abutment joints are determined by tilers. The width of expansion joints must be at least 8 mm, and the width of junction joints must be at least 5 mm.
An interesting video on this topic will be the following video : Tiling work in the bathroom from the manufacturer Sopro. Here you can see and hear professional advice on bathroom tiling. Go for it.
Watch the Training video on bathroom tiling from the manufacturer of dry building mixtures under the Ceresit brand. This film shows you the main stages of tiling a bathroom. Of course, all surfaces on walls and floors must be prepared: cleaned, dried and primed. Work should always begin with the application of waterproofing. Then you can start laying the tiles. In addition to wall and floor cladding, it is also shown how to properly install mosaics.
Device BOT-3000E
BOT-3000E device is designed to determine the static and dynamic coefficient of friction of a wet (wet) or dry surface. The measurement is carried out using a series of test plates made of Neolithic, SBR, Four S, TRL, leather. Used by the Ceramics Center in Bologna.
Technical characteristics of the device
Cersaie 2016 in numbers
1) Number of participants: 852 from 43 countries.
2) Ceramic tiles 491 companies (of which 254 are Italian manufacturers).
3) The exhibition was visited by 106,559 people, including 50,976 foreigners.
4) Occupied area 156,000 square meters.
5) The exhibition lasted 5 days.
Waterproof grade W4, W6
Waterproof grades W4, W6 was discussed in detail on the forum . There is a lot of useful information there, read it there, there is no point in duplicating it here.
To prepare adhesive cement-latex milk you need:
Before preparing the solution, it is recommended to first dilute IDROKOL X20M in water, observing the proportions specified in the recipe, and use the resulting liquid to prepare the solution. Adhesive milk can be applied with a brush, roller or brush.
Opening of a plant in Nevinnomyssk
On September 13, 2016, the opening of a new production complex of the Cedrus company took place in the city of Nevinnomyssk, Stavropol Territory. The capacity of the equipment with which the new production complex is equipped allows the production of 200,000 tons of finished products per year, while the potential of the plant allows expanding production to 600,000 tons of finished products of the following brands: “Osnovit”, “Stroybrig” and “Indastro” in a volume of more than 100 nomenclature items. Deliveries from the new plant will be carried out to 17 regions of Russia, including Crimea. In addition to the production of dry construction mixtures (DCM), the plant will dry and fractionate sand.
Shrinkage of plinth and bricks
It should be noted that during the drying and firing process, bricks significantly decrease in size. Therefore, in order to obtain a fired brick of the required size, it was necessary to make the molding frame somewhat larger in size. Obviously, the craftsmen took into account some empirically found clay shrinkage coefficient. At the same time, they had to be especially careful that the resulting brick was not larger in size than intended, since any increase in the format entails a complication of the firing process, and therefore a deterioration in quality. In addition, the increase in brick format complicates the work of masons. Naturally, therefore, when making molding frames, craftsmen, as a rule, introduced a minimum shrinkage coefficient, which was usually somewhat less than the actual shrinkage coefficient obtained. As a result, the brick format tended to gradually decrease.
Architectural ceramics
Architectural ceramics is a very common type of decorative material that has long been used in construction: facing slabs, majolica, tiles, glazed tiles and bricks, multi-colored terracotta mosaics. All these products in the article refer to veneer ceramics.
In Ancient Rus', from the 11th century, facing tiles covered with colored glaze, from which ornaments on facades were made, became widespread. The use of various types of finishing ceramics in Art Nouveau architecture has especially flourished in Moscow. At this time, colored glazed bricks, bright ceramic tiles, and majolica panels were widely used. Facing ceramics have long been used in European countries - Greece, Spain, Italy, Portugal, France. Suffice it to recall the famous ultramarine-white ceramic tiles, which have become widespread in Portugal and the south of Spain, in cities such as Valencia, Seville, and Granada. The greatest creations of Gaudi in Barcelona, black and white tiles and natural stone cladding in Funchal in Madeira and the richest painted facade ceramics in Greece. However, Italy can rightfully be considered the birthplace of modern ceramic tiles and porcelain granite.
Features of terminology
In its homeland in Italy, ceramic granite is called gres porcellanato: porcellanato - porcelain, porcelain-like; gres - ceramics. The term gres is borrowed by Italian from French, where it has been used since the 19th century to designate low-porosity (so-called vitrified) types of ceramics, particularly stoneware. If the Italian name conveys the essence of the process of producing such tiles, then the domestic term reflects the very essence of the material: ceramics, as strong as granite (and in practice even stronger). Indeed, in Russian, granite is one of the symbols of strength and durability.
Single firing
Technical characteristics of single-firing tiles.
Double firing
Technical characteristics of double-firing tiles. Their use is mainly in the interior.
After loading the dried slabs onto trolleys, they are fired in a tunnel kiln more than 100 meters long. Trolleys with tiles, one after another, move along the kiln sequentially through the heating, firing and heating zones. The firing temperature program is maintained in accordance with the recipe composition of the slabs and the specified quality of the final product:
Firing is one of the stages of the technological process. However, the concepts of “single firing”, “double firing”, “three times firing” are not only a technological term, but also an indication of a certain type of tile.
Several firing technologies can be distinguished:
The answer to this question will require a significant amount of textual information.
Therefore, I will split the answer into several messages. In the first message I will list the main stages, and in subsequent messages I will consider each of them. The main stages of the technological process for the production of ceramic tiles consist of the following operations:
1. EXTRACTION OF RAW MATERIALS
2. PREPARATION OF CERAMIC MASS
3. MOLDING
4. DRYING
5. (GLAZING)
6. FIRMING
For those who have not yet seen a video on the production of ceramic tiles, I recommend watching it
Factory visit
In the spring I was at the CF Systems Ceramics of the Future plant as part of a group. We were given a tour of the production area and a lecture on the advantages of using large-format 120x120 cm porcelain granite in cladding. They also recommended laying this 120x120 cm porcelain tile using Installer MX300 or MX400 adhesive (manufacturer PIQ) together with DLS. However, MX300 is a superfluid adhesive and needs to be applied only to the base. MX400 is thixotropic and needs to be worked with as shown in the videos: Laying large format tiles with the DLS system. Fast, convenient, easy ; Technology for laying large format tiles. Imola Ceramica .
Such events with excursions and lectures are held at the plant on a regular basis. If you have the opportunity to take part in such an event, be sure to take it.
Italian specialists work at the plant
At the Estima plant in Noginsk, experienced Italian specialists work together with Russian ones. Well-known ceramics technologist Maurizio Chiodi, who worked at the Mirage plant for more than 30 years before coming to Russia, is the developer of ceramic granite technology that imitates the texture of natural stone throughout the entire thickness of the tile. Chiodi currently serves as the Chief Technology Consultant of NCSI. Under his leadership, new collections of porcelain tiles are being developed, the company’s personnel are trained and improve their qualifications, and production and laboratory equipment is being modernized.
Unique artistic period
In 18th century Portugal, the taste for intricate and large-scale decorative panels reached its apogee. After liberation from Spain, the nobility of Portugal was actively engaged in the construction of palaces, richly decorated with ceramic tiles. The involvement of artists in the creation of decorative ceramic compositions led in the mid-18th century to the formation of a unique artistic period. A number of famous artists are retraining for ceramic painting, signing their works as works of art. During this period, numerous monumental ceramic panels were executed for palaces, monasteries and churches in Portugal and Brazil. Baroque subjects, gallant scenes, and various illusory effects make up the subject compositions of ceramic panels of rich residences.
Bathroom by Armani
The collaboration between Armani Group and Roca is a unique project in its own way. The two companies, world leaders in their respective areas of expertise, have come together with a common desire to take advantage of their combined experience and talent to create a concept for a cozy and elegant bathroom. The Roca-Armani showroom was presented in Russia at Mosbuild 2013. The project is a complete solution for bathroom interior design, which includes not only furniture and sanitary ware, but also lighting and ceramic wall and floor coverings.
Buying tiles from Armani is not a cheap pleasure, although for true connoisseurs of the great couturier’s work, this is not a problem! A list of official Roca-Armani dealers in Russia can be found at the link .
Cersaie 2015 in numbers
1) Number of participants 872 (533 Italian companies, 319 foreign from 39 countries).
2) The exhibition was visited by 101,809 people, including 48,231 foreigners.
3) Occupied area 166,000 square meters.
4) The exhibition lasted 5 days.
Expansion joints are gaps in the tile covering and mortar.
They are filled with a resistant, elastic material that absorbs the stresses arising in the structures, ensuring the durability of the tile covering. the number of expansion joints in the coating should increase with: - increased temperature and humidity conditions;
-- in cases where the supporting structure is easily subject to deformation;
-- more rigid tile covering (narrow-seam).
Recommended size of the area limited by expansion joints (EN standards): in buildings (narrow-seam pavement from 4x4 m to 6x6 m; wide-seam pavement from 6x6 m to 10x10 m); on the street (narrow-seam coating from 2x2 m to 3x3 m; wide-seam coating from 3x3 m to 5x5 m).
The dimensions of dividing joints are determined by architects and designers, and the dimensions of expansion joints and abutment joints are determined by tilers. The width of expansion joints must be at least 8 mm, and the width of junction joints must be at least 5 mm.
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